Optical fiber muaj ob qhov tseem ceeb kis tau tus mob: poob thiab dispersion. Kev poob ntawm cov hluav taws xob fiber ntau yog hais txog nws qhov kev xa tawm ntawm qhov sib tshooj ntawm qhov ntev qhov ntev, thiab kev lag luam yog dB / km. Qhov siab ntawm qhov ploj tam sim ntawd cuam tshuam kev sib kis ntawm cov hluav taws xob sib txuas lus fiber ntau los yog qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov chaw txuas. Kev tawg tawm txhais tau hais tias vim cov ntaub ntawv teeb liab kis tau los ntawm cov hluav taws xob optical tau nqa los ntawm ntau qhov sib txawv thiab cov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom sib txawv, qhov kis tau tus mob ntawm qhov sib txawv zaus thiab cov hom sib txawv txawv, uas yuav ua rau cov ntaub ntawv teeb liab hloov.
Fiber dispersion tau muab faib ua cov khoom siv raw dispersion, waveguide dispersion thiab modal dispersion. Thawj ob hom kev faib tawm yog tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tseeb tias cov ntaub ntawv teeb liab tsis yog los ntawm ib qho zaus, thiab cov hom tom kawg ntawm kev tawg yog tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tseeb tias cov ntaub ntawv teeb liab tsis yog los ntawm ib txoj kev. Cov ntaub ntawv teeb liab tsis yog ib txoj hauv kev uas yuav ua rau hloov kho hom. Ib hom fiber ntau tsuas kis tau ib hom kab rov tav nkaus xwb, yog li tsuas muaj cov khoom tawg yooj yim thiab cov kev faib khoom tawg yooj yim, thiab tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam modal. Multimode fiber muaj inter-hom dispersion. Kev tawg ntawm cov hluav taws xob fiber kho tsis tau tsuas yog ua kom muaj kev sib kis ntau ntawm cov hluav taws xob fiber ntau, tab sis kuj txwv txoj kev cuam tshuam kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov kab ke sib kis fiber ntau.
